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Minor class categories: Prepositions, conjunctions, determiners.

 

Major class categories: Nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs.

 

* Semantic definition

* Morphological behaviour ==> affixes

* Syntactic behaviour ==> location

 

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There is also diversity in the structure of sentences across languages in terms of the order of adjectives and nouns.

 

- In some languages the adjectives occurs before the noun.

- In other languages, the adjective occurs after the noun.

 

==> AN

French ==> NA

 

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Preposition

 

==> In English, Arabic, Polish: Preposition - Noun

 

In Turkish: Noun - preposition

Finnish: Noun - prepositions

 

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* Mustafa eats Hummus

 

- The subject is the performer of the action.

- The first nominal thing in the sentence.

- Mustafa and Faris eat hummus.

- If you change the number of the subject, the verb will be affected.

 

- eats is the verb because it is the action word.

 

- Mustafa eats Hummus and falafel

 

- Hummus is the object because if you change its number, the verb will NOT be affected.

 

- It is the other nominal thing in the sentence.

- If Mustafa is the subject, then Hummus must be the object.

 

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* The basic structure in English is:

SVO

OSV

OVS

VSO

VOS

SOV

 

This shows that there is great diversity across languages when it comes to sentence structure.

 

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Syntax ==>

 

Linguistics is your absolute favourite topic to study.

 

Syntax is a branch of linguistics that is concerned with arranging words within a sentence to make meaning.

 

Syntax is the scientific study of sentence structure.

 

Syntax is one of studying language by focusing on sentence formation.

 

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Linguistics ==> 4/1/2025