Linguisticss-29-04-2025

1. Voiceless, post alveolar, affricate.

2.Voiceless, bilabial, stops.

3.Voiceless, alveolar, fricative

4.Voiceless, post alveolar, affricate.

5.Voiced, alveolar, fricative

1cat ,key ,kill, carry , camp

2.win wish week wake why

3 dog song flog flag drag

4 leave save dive receive behave

* Provide a full description to the final consonant in the following words:

1. Catch: voiceless postalveolar affricate.

2. Whip: voiceless bilabial stop

3. loose: voiceless alveolar fricative.

4. Speech: voiceless postalveolar affricate

5. Seems: voiced alveolar fricative.

Voicing - Place of articulation - Manner of articulation.

Zawawi

1- Catch:

Final consonant sound: /ʧ/

-Voicing: Voiceless.

-Place of articulation : Palato-alveolar (post-alveolar).

-Manner of articulation: Affricate.

2- Whip

Final consonant sound: /p/

-Voicing: Voiceless

-Place of articulation: Bilabial

-Manner of articulation: Plosive (stop)

3- Loose:

Final consonant sound: /s/

-Voicing: Voiceless.

-Place of articulation: Alveolar.

-Manner of articulation: Fricative

4- Speech:

Final consonant sound: /ʧ/

Voicing: Voiceless.

Place of articulation: Palato-alveolar (post-alveolar)

Manner of articulation: Affricate.

5- Seems:

Final consonant sound: /z/

Voicing: Voiced.

Place of articulation: Alveolar.

Manner of articulation: Fricative.

MOHAMMED HANBALI :)

1. poet, poor, tool, cool, tall.

2. jazz, room, role, look, race.

3. jumb, club, fog, sing, told.

4. maze, because, love, south.

1. kitchen, kitten, kettle, kilometer, kangaroo.

2. wonder, water, witness, word, wind.

3. big, tag, leg, fog, frog.

4. give, stove, brave, leave, behave.

Azza

1. Cat , Kite , Cup , Key , Car

2. Water , Wind , Wave , Wood , Wall.

3. Dog , Bag , Egg , Fog , Leg.

4. Love , Glove , Above , Wave , Dive.

Rana

Five words that begin with a voiceless velar stop

Cat

King

Cold

Kick

Cat

 Five words that begin with a voiced labiovelar approximant

Water

Window

Wonder

Wood

Will

 Five words that end with a voiced velar stop

Dog

Bag

Rug

Log

Bug

Five words that end with a voiced labiodental fricative

Love

Shave

Give

Above

Drive

1. kid, case, coma, coffee, king.

2. window, west, whisk, ways, winter.

3. dig, dog, fog, flag, slang.

4. grieve, gave, save, shave, leave.

1. Five words that begin with a voiceless velar stop /k/:

. Cat

• King

• Cold

• Keep

• Car

2. Five words that begin with a voiced labiovelar approximate /w/:

• Water

• Window

• Winter

• Warm

• Wish

3. Five words that end with a voiced velar stop /g/:

• Dog

• Bag

• Leg

• Log

• Dig

4. Five words that end with a voiced labiodental fricative /v/:

• Love

• Give

• Live

• Save

• Move

Omar Sweedan

1. Cat, Kite, Key, Cold, Kick

2. Water, Window, World, Wait, Wonder

3. Dog, Bag, Big, Flag, Log

4. Love, Give, Glove, Live, Leave

1. cat, car, kick, coffee, cold.

2. water, wait, win, wig, wide.

3. dog, log, ring, sing, bring.

4. give, love, brave, behave,save.

1- CAT . CAR , KEY . KITE , COLD

2- WATER , WILD , WONDER , WHILE ,WEATHER .

3- BAG , DOG , HUG , FLAG . LOG .

4- LOVE , GIVE , SHAVE , SLAVE , DOVE.

MOHAMMED HANBALI :)

TASK

1. List five words that begin with a voiceless velar stop.

2. List five words that begin with a voiced labiovelar approximant.

3. List five words that end with a voiced velar stop.

4. List five words that end with a voiced labiodental fricative.

Zawawi

Stops: {p, b, t, d, k, g, ʔ}

Nasals: {m, n, ŋ}

Fricatives: {s, z, f, v, θ, ð, ʒ, ʃ, x, ɣ, h, ɦ}

Affricates: {tʃ, dʒ}

Approximants: {l, r, w, j}

* When we describe any consonant, we begin with voicing, then place of articulation, then manner of articulation.

Zawawi

Stops are special because their production happens in clear stages.

Stages of producing stops:

a. Closure: one articulator makes full contact with another articulator, trapping air behind the point of contact.

b. Holding: the closure is maintained, and air pressure is built behind the point of contact.

c. Release: One of the articulators leaves the other (the point of contact is broken) allowing air to rush out.

Why are stops called plosives?

Because their sudden release causes an explosion-like noise.

Zawawi

1. Stops (Plosives) - {p, b, t, d, k, g, ʔ}

Why are stops called stops?

Because their production involves complete stoppage to the flow of air.

Place of articulation and manner of articulation are parameters or different methods to describe consonants.

* We now have 3 dimensions for the description of consonants.

- Voicing

- Place of articulation

- Manner of articulation

Why is it important to add manner of articulation? Because using three parameters rather than two makes your description of the consonants more accurate.

Zawawi

Manner of articulation ==> One method/parameter that we can use to classify and describe consonants by referring to how the sound is made. In other words, we look at the flow of air that accompanies the production of every single consonant.

a. Full obstruction

b. Partial obstruction

Free movement of air is not associated with consonants. Instead, it is associated with vowels.

Based on manner of articulation, consonants can be divided into 5 groups.

Zawawi

Place of articulation ==> Is a method that we can use to describe consonants and classify them into groups - where the sound is made.

Based on place of articulation, consonants can be divided into various groups including bilabial, labiodental, dental, alveolar, postalveolar, palatal, velar, uvular, glottal and labiovelar.

Zawawi