Recipient VS Goal
Recipient: almost always a person.
Goal: animate/inanimate.
Goal: movement towards something.
Recipient: transfer of possession
- I went to the movies.
- I sent this letter to Sarah.
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Goal - movement
Location - no movement
Goal - where to?
Location - where?
Goal - end of the movement (destination)
Location - Place where the action is taking place.
- She travelled to Africa.
- She lives in China.
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1. She gave the book to her brother.
Recipient - transfer of position (almost always human)
2. She walked to the park with her dog.
3. I sent an email to my boss.
4. The teacher passed the assignment to the students.
5. She travelled to Italy for her honeymoon.
6. She handed the report to the client.
7. He brought the letter to the office.
8. The boys played at the playground.
9. We moved the furniture to the new house.
10. They are having a meeting in the office.
11. I gave the book to the library.
12. We stayed in the car during our trip.
13. She sent a package to her friend.
14. The party was held at his house.
15. They travelled to the mountains.
Zawawi
Agent - the person or the thing that performs an action (intentionally)
Agent - human, animal, a force, a machine.
a. The car broke the tree.
b. The driver broke the fence with his car.
Theme: The person or the thing affected by an action.
Experiencer: Someone who experiences something without acting.
Instrument: An object used by the agent to perform their action.
Location: The place where the action occurs.
Goal: The endpoint of a movement or change of location. (destination)
Source: The origin or the starting point of the movement.
Recipient: the person receiving an object.
Zawawi
1. The boy opened the door with a key.
2. Sarah gave her friend a gift.
3. The wind slammed the window shut.
4. The children ran from the playground to the house.
5. The letter was sent from Germany.
6. The artist painted a mural on the wall.
7. The professor spoke passionately to his audience.
8. She wrote the letter with a fountain pen.
9. The baby cried all night.
10. The teacher explained the rules to the students.
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