Concrete Experience: Doing. Through participation in learning activities, students get hands-on experience on problem-solving tasks. The experience is personal and involves individual affections.
Reflection: Observing. Students recall their memory or look at records of the learning activities, they review and reflect on the process either individually or in a group. Learners observe others’ behaviours during the activities as well.
Abstract Conceptualisation: Thinking. Students generalise knowledge and theory from the previous experience based on the reflection.
Active Experiment: Planning. Students then modify existing concepts and knowledge with the new theory they come up with and apply in later occasions.